SQL Keywords

SQL Keywords Reference

The reserved terms in SQL are listed in this SQL keywords reference.

Keyword	Description
ADD	In an existing table, adds a column.
ADD CONSTRAINTS	After a table has been established, adds a constraint.
ALL	Changes the data type of a column in a table or adds, deletes, or edits columns in a table.
ALTER	A table's columns can be added, deleted, or modified.
ALTER COLUMN	Only rows where both requirements are true are included.
ALTER TABLE	If any of the subquery items fit the requirement, this function returns true.
AND	An alias is used to rename a column or table.
ANY	Sorts the result set from top to bottom in ascending order.
AS	Creates a database backup from an existing one.
ASC	A table column's data type is changed.
BACKUP DATABASE	A table column's data type is changed.
BETWEEN	Selects values from a specified range.
CASE	Depending on the conditions, different outcomes are generated.
CHECK	A constraint that restricts the amount of data that can be entered into a column.
COLUMN	Changes a column's data type or deletes a column in a table.
CONSTRAINTS	A constraint can be added or removed.
CREATE	A database, index, view, table, or process is created.
CREATE DATABASE	This command creates a new SQL database.
CREATE INDEX	Creates a table's index (allows duplicate values)
CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW	Updates the state of a view.
CREATE TABLE	In the database, creates a new table.
CREATE PROCEDURE	This function creates a stored procedure.
CREATE UNIQUE INDEX	Creates a one-of-a-kind index for a table (no duplicate values)
CREATE VIEW	Creates a view from a SELECT statement's result set.
DATABASE	This command creates or deletes a SQL database.
DEFAULT	A constraint that sets a column's default value.
DELETE	Rows from a table are deleted.
DESC	Stored in descending order.
DISTINCT	Only distinct (different) values are chosen.
DROP	Removes a column, constraint, database, index, table, or view from a table or view.
DROP COLUMN	A UNIQUE, PRIMARY KEY, FOREIGN KEY, or CHECK constraint is removed from a table.
DROP CONSTRAINTS	A DEFAULT constraint is removed.
DROP DATABASE	Deletes a SQL database that already exists.
DROP DEFAULT	Removes an existing database table.
DROP INDEX	Removes a table's index.
DROP TABLE	Removes an existing database table.
DROP VIEW	Removes a view from the list.
EXEC	This function runs a stored process.
EXISTS	In a subquery, this function checks for the existence of any record.
FOREIGN KEY	A constraint is a key that is used to connect two tables.
FROM	Selects or deletes data from a certain table.
FULL OUTER JOIN	When there is a match in either the left or right table, it returns all rows.
GROUP BY	The result set is divided into groups (used with aggregate functions: COUNT, MAX, MIN, SUM, AVG)
HAVING	With aggregate functions, this is used instead of WHERE.
IN	In a WHERE clause, you can specify several values.
INDEX	In a table, creates or deletes an index.
INNER JOIN	Returns rows with values in both tables that are the same.
INSERT INTO	Adds new rows to a table.
INSERT INTO SELECT	Copies information from one table to another.
IS NULL	Empty values or decreasing order are checked.
IS NOT NULL	Non-empty values are checked.
JOIN	Tables are joined.
LEFT JOIN	All rows from the left table are returned, as well as the corresponding rows from the right table.
LIKE	In a column, looks for a specific pattern.
LIMIT	The number of records to return in the result set is specified here.
NOT	Only rows where a condition is false are included.
NOT NULL	A constraint that prevents NULL values from being entered in a column.
OR	Rows where either criterion is true are included.
ORDER BY	Sorts the result set from top to bottom in ascending or descending order.
OUTER JOIN	When there is a match in either the left or right table, it returns all rows.
PRIMARY KEY	A restriction that allows each record in a database table to be uniquely identified.
PROCEDURE	A procedure that has been saved.
RIGHT JOIN	All rows from the right table are returned, as well as the matching rows from the left table.
ROWNUM	The number of records to return in the result set is specified here.
SELECT	Obtains information from a database.
SELECT DISTINCT	Only distinct (different) values are chosen.
SELECT INTO	Copies information from one table to another.
SELECT TOP	The number of records to return in the result set is specified here.
SET	Indicates which columns and values in a table should be changed.
TABLE	Creates a table, or adds, deletes, or alters columns in a table, or deletes a table or the data it contains.
TOP	The number of records to return in the result set is specified here.
TRUNCATE TABLE	The data in a table is deleted, but not the table itself.
UNION	Combines the results of two or more SELECT operations into a single result set (ONLY DISTINCT values)
UNION ALL	Combines the results of two or more SELECT operations into a single result set (allows duplicate values)
UNIQUE	A restriction that ensures each column's values are unique.
UPDATE	Existing rows in a table are updated.
VALUES	The values of an INSERT INTO statement are specified here.
VIEW	A view is created, updated, or deleted.
WHERE	Filters a result set to only contain records that meet a set of criteria.

With this article at Logicmojo, you must have the complete idea of SQL Keywords.